Keywords
Chronic disease management
Socioeconomic factors
Econometric model
Health disparities
How to Cite
Abstract
Chronic diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity have a large impact on global health and effective management strategies are required. The objective of this study is to use an econometric model with data of 30 patients during 2019-2024 on how nutritional interventions in chronic disease management affect patients' outcomes. Dietary changes, supplementation, and meal plans are analyzed as to their effectiveness in individuals; socioeconomic factors are also considered as moderators. Overall, results show that the nutritional interventions have positive effects on the health markers like blood glucose level and BMI, but their effectiveness varies depending on the socioeconomic status. Interaction effects show that socioeconomic status of higher of teens’ home increased the impact of the intervention. The results indicate that personalized nutritional program, supplementing to physical activities, and broader approaches of chronic disease management are important. The findings inform evidence-based policy recommendations for successful nutritionally related interventions at the patient population level that account for different patient needs to improve chronic disease outcomes and eliminate health disparities.
References
Gropper, S.S. The Role of Nutrition in Chronic Disease. Nutrients 2023, 15, 664. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030664
De Groot, L.M.; Lee, G.; Ackerie, A.; van der Meij, B.S. Malnutrition Screening and Assessment in the Cancer Care Ambulatory Setting: Mortality Predictability and Validity of the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short form (PG-SGA SF) and the GLIM Criteria. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2287. https://doi.org/0.3390/nu12082287
Kirsch, R.; Matthews, K.; Williams, V. Using Global Criteria to Detect Malnutrition: Application in Disease States. Nutr. Clin. Pract. 2020, 35, 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/ncp.10444
Rymarz, A.; Zajbt, M.; Jeznach-Steinhagen, A.; Woźniak-Kosek, A.; Niemczyk, S. Body Composition and Biochemical Markers of Nutrition in Non-dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2020, 1251, 81–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2019_444
Skórka, M.; Więch, P.; Przybek-Mita, J.; Malisiewicz, A.; Pytlak, K.; Bazaliński, D. Nutritional Status of People with a Coexisting Chronic Wound and Extended Assessment Using Bioelectrical Impedance. Nutrients 2023, 15, 2869. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132869
Bozic, D.; Grgurevic, I.; Mamic, B.; Capkun, V.; Bilandzic-Ivisic, J.; Ivanovic, T.; Bozic, I.; Zaja, I.; Podrug, K.; Puljiz, Z.; et al. Detection of Sarcopenia in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. Nutrients 2023, 15, 3335. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153335
Bianchi, V.E.; Herrera, P.F.; Laura, R. Effect of nutrition on neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review. Nutr. Neurosci. 2021, 24, 810–834. https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2019.1681088
Skou, S.T.; Mair, F.S.; Fortin, M.; Guthrie, B.; Nunes, B.P.; Miranda, J.J.; Boyd, C.M.; Pati, S.; Mtenga, S.; Smith, S.M. Multimorbidity. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers 2022, 8, 48. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-022-00376-4
Sharma, J.; Ludin, H.; Chauhan, M.; Zodpey, S. Public health nutrition in Afghanistan-policies, strategies and capacity-building: Current scenario and initiatives. East. Mediterr. Health J. 2021, 27, 728–737. https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.21.043
Noce, A.; Romani, A.; Bernini, R. Dietary intake and chronic disease prevention. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1358. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041358
Billingsley, H.E.; Heiston, E.M.; Bellissimo, M.P.; Lavie, C.J.; Carbone, S. Nutritional Aspects to Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 2024, 26, 73–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-023-02018-x
Srour, B.; Kordahi, M.C.; Bonazzi, E.; Deschasaux-Tanguy, M.; Touvier, M.; Chassaing, B. Ultra-processed foods and human health: From epidemiological evidence to mechanistic insights. Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2022, 7, 1128–1140. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00169-8
Samuel, P.O.; Edo, G.I.; Emakpor, O.L.; Oloni, G.O.; Ezekiel, G.O.; Essaghah, A.E.A.; Agoh, E.; Agbo, J.J. Lifestyle modifications for preventing and managing cardiovascular diseases. Sport Sci. Health 2024, 20, 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-023-01118-z
World Health Organization. WHO Manual on Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxation Policies to Promote Healthy Diets; World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 2022. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240056299
Jayedi, A.; Soltani, S.; Abdolshahi, A.; Shab-Bidar, S. Healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns and the risk of chronic disease: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. Br. J. Nutr. 2020, 124, 1133–1144. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114520002330
Beslay, M.; Srour, B.; Méjean, C.; Allès, B.; Fiolet, T.; Debras, C.; Chazelas, E.; Deschasaux, M.; Wendeu-Foyet, M.G.; Hercberg, S.; et al. Ultra-processed food intake in association with BMI change and risk of overweight and obesity: A prospective analysis of the French NutriNet-Santé cohort. PLoS Med. 2020, 17, e1003256. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003256
Petkoska, A.T.; Trajkovska-Broach, A. Sustainable food systems and healthy diets: The case of mediterranean diet. Acta Hortic. Regiotect. 2021, 24, 110–118. https://doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2021-0032
Naghshi, S.; Sadeghi, O.; Willett, W.C.; Esmaillzadeh, A. Dietary intake of total, animal, and plant proteins and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ 2020, 370, m2412. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2412
Kurniawan, A.W.; Wiguno, L.T.H.; Setyawan, H.; Shidiq, A.A.P.; García-Jiménez, J.V.; Eken, Ö.; Latino, F.; Tafuri, F.; Pranoto, N.W.; Rahmatullah, M.I.; et al. I-Spring Assisted Development of a Basketball Shooting Technique Program. Retos Nuevas Perspect. Educ. Física Deporte Recreación 2024, 55, 874–881. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.105437
Wang, N.; Pan, D.; Zhu, X.; Ren, X.; Jin, X.; Chen, X.; Wang, Y.; Su, M.; Sun, G.; Wang, S. Selenium May Be Involved in Esophageal Squamous Cancer Prevention by Affecting GPx3 and FABP1 Expression: A Case-Control Study Based on Bioinformatic Analysis. Nutrients 2024, 16, 1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091322
Wang, Y.J.; Yeh, T.L.; Shih, M.C.; Tu, Y.K.; Chien, K.L. Dietary sodium intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2934. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12102934.
Mozaffarian, D.; Aspry, K.E.; Garfield, K.; Kris-Etherton, P.; Seligman, H.; Velarde, G.P.; Williams, K.; Yang, E.; ACC Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Section Nutrition and Lifestyle Working Group and Disparities of Care Working Group. “Food is medicine” strategies for nutrition security and cardiometabolic health equity: JACC state-of-the-art review. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2024, 83, 843–864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2023.12.023
Chen, Y.; Lin, J.; Chen, J.; Chen, Y.; Yang, S. Regular nutrition consultations reduced risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in adults. Nutrition 2024, 118, 112259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2023.112259
Capra, M.E.; Monopoli, D.; Decarolis, N.M.; Giudice, A.; Stanyevic, B.; Esposito, S.; Biasucci, G. Dietary Models and Cardiovascular Risk Prevention in Pediatric Patients. Nutrients 2023, 15, 3664. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163664
Gal, A.M.; Iatcu, C.O.; Popa, A.D.; Arhire, L.I.; Mihalache, L.; Gherasim, A.; Nita, O.; Soimaru, R.M.; Gheorghita, R.; Graur, M.; et al. Comprendere l’interazione tra assunzione dietetica e comportamento alimentare nel diabete di tipo 2. Nutrients 2024, 16, 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030446
Willey, J.; Wakefield, M.; Silver, H.J. Exploring the Diets of Adults with Obesity and Type II Diabetes from Nine Diverse Countries: Dietary Intakes, Patterns, and Quality. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2027. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12072027
Palamenghi, L.; Usta, D.; Leone, S.; Graffigna, G. Food-Related Behavioral Patterns in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: The Role of Food Involvement and Health Engagement. Nutrients 2024, 16, 1185. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081185
Saha, S.; Dawson, J.; Murimi, M.; Dodd, S.; Oldewage-Theron, W. Effects of a nutrition education intervention on fruit and vegetable consumption-related dietary behavioural factors among elementary school children. Health Educ. J. 2020, 79, 963–973. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896920944421
Hargreaves, D.; Mates, E.; Menon, P.; Alderman, H.; Devakumar, D.; Fawzi, W.; Greenfield, G.; Hammoudeh, W.; He, S.; Lahiri, A.; et al. Strategies and interventions for healthy adolescent growth, nutrition, and development. Lancet 2022, 399, 198–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01593-2
Moscatelli, F.; De Maria, A.; Marinaccio, L.A.; Monda, V.; Messina, A.; Monacis, D.; Toto, G.; Limone, P.; Monda, M.; Messina, G.; et al. Assessment of Lifestyle, Eating Habits and the Effect of Nutritional Education among Undergraduate Students in Southern Italy. Nutrients 2023, 15, 2894. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132894
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Rezeda Gafiyatullina, Jacek Binda