Abstract
Wind energy is one of the innovative, modern sources of renewable energy. In recent years, the Polish energy sector has been undergoing a process of transformation, mainly determined by the European Union. The development of renewable energy has a positive impact on both the environment and energy security. It is conducive to the creation of a favorable business climate, which is why the analysis of wind energy efficiency assessment is particularly important in this context. The purpose of this article is to identify factors influencing investment in wind energy. It is shown that the profitability of wind farms is mainly influenced by factors such as the location of wind farms, the development of technology in terms of innovation of wind turbines, the creation of favorable legal and administrative regulations and the creation of mechanisms in terms of financial support. This paper reviews literature, legislation and reports on the development and efficiency of wind power. The analysis shows that there are legal, administrative, climatic, technical and social barriers that affect the development of the wind energy sector in Poland. Wind farms are becoming increasingly cost-competitive compared to conventional sources, especially with rising CO₂ emission costs and electricity prices.
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